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Physics Formulas
>
Electromagnetism
> Electric Dipole
Electric Dipole
Assume that
-q
and
q
are two charges with the same amount of energy but opposite directed.
Electric dipole is the product of the charge
q
and the vector
d
(which has a direction from
-q
to
q
), electric dipole is also known as electric dipole moment and can be expressed as the equation below:
p
= q
d
The electric field
E
caused by
-q
and
q
at the point
P
is:
If the dipole lies along the z-axis, then we have:
p
=
a
z
·
p
=
p
(
a
R
· cos
θ
-
a
θ
· sin
θ
)
and
R
·
p
=
R
·
p
· cos
θ
Therefore we can express the electric field
E
as below:
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