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Math Formulas > Algebra > Conic Section

Conic Section


By intersecting a cone with a plane, a curve is obtained and is named conic section, which is the red area shown above.

The expression for a conic section in the Cartesian coordinate system is defined as:
Ax2 + Bxy + Cy2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0
A ≠ 0, B ≠ 0 and C ≠ 0

The result of B2 – 4AC determines the type of the conic section obtained:
•    If the result is smaller than 0, then we have an ellipse, unless the conic is degenerate.
        o    The ellipse is defined as: x2/a2 + y2/b2 = 1 and x2/b2 + y2/a2 = 1

•    If the result is smaller than 0 and A=C, B=0 then we have a perfect circle.
        o    The circle is defined as: x2 + y2 = r2

•    If the result is equal to 0, then we have a parabola.
        o    The parabola is defined as: y2 = 4 ∙ a ∙ x and x2 = 4 ∙ a ∙ y

•    If the result is bigger than 0, then we have a hyperbola.
        o    The hyperbola is defined as: x2/a2y2/b2 = 1 and y2/a2x2/b2 = 1

•    If the result is bigger than 0 and A+C = 0, then we have a rectangular hyperbola.
        o    The rectangular hyperbola is defined as: xy = c2

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